Comparison between endoscopic submucosal dissection and gastrectomy in clinical benefit for metachronous early gastric cancer in the remnant stomach / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:To compare the histopathological features and treatment efficacy of different methods for metachronous early gastric cancer (MEGC) in the remnant stomach.Methods:A total of 66 patients [38 endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and 28 gastrectomy] with MEGC in the remnant stomach from January 2014 to December 2020 in Drum Tower Hospital were divided into the ESD group and the gastrectomy group. The baseline characteristics, histopathological features, treatment efficacy, and cost differences of the two groups were analyzed.Results:The MEGC in the remnant stomach mostly occurred in elderly male patients, with the mean age of 69.7±8.5 years. The mean interval of the occurrence of MEGC in the remnant stomach was 6 years. As for the tumor location, the gastric body (31.6%) was the main location in the ESD group and gastric cardia (53.6%) in the gastrectomy group with significant difference ( χ2=11.07, P=0.026). The mean operation time, hospital stay, postoperative fasting time, and total treatment cost were 80.0 min, 6.0 d, 1.5 d, ￥19 436 in the ESD group and 215.0 min, 19.0 d, 6.5 d, and ￥68 665 in the gastrectomy group, respectively, with significant differences between the two groups ( P<0.05). The overall survival rate during follow-up was 76.3% in the ESD group and 71.4% in the gastrectomy group with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.736, P=0.778). In terms of postoperative complications, the incidences of bleeding and infection were 7.9% and 5.3% in the ESD group, and those of obstruction and infection were both 14.3% in the gastrectomy group. There was significant difference in the incidences of postoperative obstruction between the two groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:ESD is safe and effective for MEGC in the remnant stomach and is better than gastrectomy in terms of the treatment cost and operation time, but the long-term efficacy still needs to be validated by large-scale prospective studies.

El biomodelo porcino en la investigación médica traslacional: del biomodelo al humano en trasplante pulmonar / The porcine biomodel in translational medical research: From biomodel to human lung transplantation

Resumen Introducción. La anatomía humana y porcina son comparables. En consecuencia, el biomodelo porcino tiene el potencial de ser implementado para entrenar al profesional quirúrgico en áreas como el trasplante de órganos sólidos. Objetivo. Describir los procedimientos y hallazgos obtenidos mediante experimentos de medicina respiratoria traslacional con biomodelos porcinos realizados en un laboratorio de experimentación animal, y hacer una revisión comparativa entre el pulmón humano y el porcino. Materiales y métodos. El experimento se llevó a cabo en nueve cerdos de raza híbrida en un laboratorio de cirugía experimental. Se estudiaron la anatomía y la histología de las vías respiratorias mediante fibrobroncoscopia, biopsia bronquial y lavado broncoalveolar. El lavado broncoalveolar se estudió con citología en base líquida y se evaluó con las coloraciones de Papanicolau y hematoxilina y eosina. Se utilizaron técnicas de patología molecular, como inmunohistoquímica, citometría de flujo y microscopía electrónica. Los cerdos se sometieron a neumonectomía izquierda con posterior implante del injerto en otro cerdo experimental. Resultados. Los estudios histopatológicos y moleculares evidenciaron un predominio de macrófagos alveolares (98 %) y linfocitos T (2 %) en el lavado broncoalveolar porcino. En los estudios del parénquima pulmonar porcino se encontró tejido linfoide hiperplásico asociado a las paredes bronquiales. La microscopía electrónica evidenció linfocitos T dentro del epitelio y el diámetro de las cilias porcinas fue similar al de las humanas. Conclusiones. El biomodelo porcino es viable en la investigación traslacional para el entendimiento de la anatomía del sistema respiratorio y el entrenamiento en trasplante pulmonar. La implementación de este modelo experimental podría fortalecer los grupos que planean implementar un programa institucional de trasplante pulmonar en humanos.

Abstract Introduction: Human and porcine anatomy are comparable. In consequence, the porcine biomodel has the potential to be implemented in the training of surgical professionals in areas such as solid organ transplantation. Objectives: We described the procedures and findings obtained in the experiments of translational respiratory medicine with the porcine biomodel, within an experimentation animal laboratory, and we present a comparative review between human and porcine lung. Materials and methods: The experiment was done in nine pigs of hybrid race within a laboratory of experimental surgery. The anatomy and histology of the respiratory tract were studied with fibrobronchoscopy, bronchial biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage. The bronchoalveolar lavage was studied with liquid-based cytology and assessed with Papanicolau and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Molecular pathology techniques such as immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and electronic microscopy were implemented. The pigs were subjected to left pneumonectomy with posterior implantation of the graft into another experimental pig. Results: Histopathologic and molecular studies evidenced predominance of alveolar macrophages (98%) and T-lymphocytes (2%) in the porcine bronchoalveolar lavage. Studies on the porcine lung parenchyma revealed hyperplasic lymphoid tissue associated with the bronchial walls. Electronic microscopy evidenced the presence of T-lymphocytes within the epithelium and the cilia diameter was similar to the human. Conclusions: The porcine biomodel is a viable tool in translational research applied to the understanding of the respiratory system anatomy and the training in lung transplantation. The implementation of this experimental model has the potential to strength the groups who plan to implement an institutional program of lung transplantation in humans.

In-vivo assessment of a case of cutaneous sarcoidosis using reflectance confocal microscopy

Abstract: Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a noninvasive imaging technique that allows visualization of the epidermis and papillary dermis with cellular-level resolution. Granulomatous reactions such as sarcoidosis could be assessed using RCM. The identification of bright beaded-like structures that could correspond to reticulin fibers overlying granulomas, in association with dermoscopy, may be a very useful approach in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis and for the differentiation of this granulomatous entity with superficial cutaneous metastasis.

Correlation between histological evaluation of primary lesions and prognosis of gastric cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective To discuss the correlation between histological evaluation of primary lesions and prognosis of gastric cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods A total of 117 patients with stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ gastric cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy in our hospital from January 2006 to December 2012 were enrolled.All patients received 2 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and underwent CT,gastrointestinal radiography or endoscopic examination to evaluate the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and the histochemical staining results of the surgical specimens were also used for chemotherapy responsive validation.Kappa (κ) coefficient was used to analyzed the consistency of different evaluation methods for chemotherapy reactivity.The 5-year survival rate was used for compared the effective assessments in three different approaches.Results There were 38 cases (32.5％),78 cases (66.7％) and 43 cases (36.8％) were considered to be CT,gastrointestinal radiography or endoscopic examination and histologic responders,respectively.Histological evaluation of primary lesions was less correlated with CT,gastrointestinal radiography or endoscopic evaluation (κ values were 0.10 and 0.19 respectively).Based on CT evaluation,the median survival time of patients with chemotherapy response was longer than 60 months,and the median survival time of patients without response was 43 months,and the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =2.978,P =0.076).Based on gastrointestinal radiography or endoscopy evaluation,the median survival time of patients with chemotherapy response was longer than 60 months,and the median survival time of patients without response was 29 months,and the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =1.230,P =0.239).Based on histological evaluation,the median survival time of patients with chemotherapy response was longer than 60 months,and the median survival time of patients without response was 18.5 months,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =29.020,P ＜ 0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that nonrespond of adjuvant chemotherapy under histologic evaluation (HR =4.021,95％ CI:1.548-8.767,P =0.002) and non-respond of gastrointestinal radiography or endoscopic examination (HR =8.210,95％ CI:4.333-17.980,P ＜ 0.001) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer,and intestinal gastric cancer (HR =0.241,95％ CI:0.080-0.871,P =0.019) was an independent predictor of survival improvement in patients with gastric cancer.Conclusion The degree of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response assessed by histological evaluation of primary lesions can effectively predict the long-term survival outcomes for gastric cancer patients.

The research on therapeutical effect of 4-AP-3-MeOH on chronic spinal cord injury in rats / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of the new K+ channel blocker 4-aminopyridine-3-methanol (4-AP-3-MeOH) on chronic spinal cord injury in rats.Methods 18 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided equally into 3 groups as follows:4-AP-3-MeOH treatment group (A),normal saline control group (B) and sham operation group (C).T10 segment of spinal cord compression injury was applied in group A and group B.4 weeks later,the rats in group A were daily treated by injecting 4-AP-3-MeOH 1 μmol (1000 μmol/L× 1 ml) into the veins of the tails for 4 weeks.While the same volume of saline was administrated into the group B for 4 weeks.Lamina of vertebra of T10 was cut without spinal cord injury in the sham-operation group.After modeling,the locomotor functional recovery was assessed by using Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) scores and inclined plane (IP) tests,and all rats were periodical inspected by the somatosensory evoked potential(SEP) and motor evoked potential(MEP) post-operatively.Results BBB scores of group A started to increase gradually and were higher than those of group B from the 6th week,but the 2 groups at each time point in BBB scores were less than group C.Until 8 weeks after surgery,the inclined-plated angles of group A and B did not show significantly difference,but the both groups were significantly lower compared with group C.Electrophysiology study found that the amplitude of SEP and MEP in group A was higher than group B from the fourth to 8 weeks,but less than in group C.Histological examination showed that the spinal cord of rats in group C were morphologically intact with a clear demarcation between the grey and white matter.The gray matter structures of rats in group A and B were gone and a big cavity appears in the center of the spinal cord injury,with varying degrees of demyelination in the white around.In addition,statistically significant differences were found in the percentage of residual myelin at the injury epicenter between group A and group B.Conclusion With a persistent demyelination change and poor motor function in chronic spinal cord injury,daily administration of 4-AP-3-MeOH can improve the sensory and motor functions.

Influence of short-segment pedicle fixation of thoracolumbar fractures by Wiltse approach on the multifidus muscle / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To analyze the influence of Wiltse approach and conventional transmuscular approach on the mul?tifidus muscle by imageology, histology and electrophysiology assessment following short?segment pedicle fixation on thoracolum?bar fractures. Methods 76 patients with thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficits who had undergone short?segment pedicle fixation between June 2010 and August 2012. Wiltse approach 36 cases, conventional transmuscular approach 40 cases. The perioperative parameters, Visual Analogue Scale scores (VAS), and radiologic parameters, esp the imageology, histology and electrophysiology changes of multifidus muscle were compared. Results 20 cases were fellowed up over 1 year in the Wiltse ap?proach group (20/36, 56%). 25 cases were fellowed up over 1 year in the conventional transmuscular approach group (25/40, 62.5%). No significant differences were found in terms of gender, age, fracture type, injured segment and follow?up period. Till the last follow?up, all patients with vertebral fractures were healed. No loosening or breaking of internal fixation was observed. Com?pared to the conventional transmuscular approach, the Wiltse approach was significantly advantageous in terms of operation time, the amount of bleeding, hospital stays and VAS scores after the surgery but the length of incision, besides, the Wiltse approach group had less incidence of multifidus atrophy and less fatty infiltration, and in conventional transmuscular approach group electro?myography demonstrated that the multifidus muscles median frequency values and average amplitude value were significantly low?er than Wiltse approach group. Conclusion The Wiltse approach for thoracolumbar fractures, retaining the posterior ligament complex, is an effective and minimally invasive treatment, with less trauma, less bleeding, less operation time, the advantages of re?liable clinical results. Especially less incidence of multifidus atrophy and less fatty infiltration.

Carcinogênese mamária experimental induzida pelo 7, 12, dimetilbenz (A) antraceno (DMBA): caracterização histopatológica comparada e identificação imunoistoquímica de células-tronco neoplásicas (CTNs) / Breast cancer neoplastic stem cells histology compared Sprague Dawley rats 7, 12 dimetilbenz (A) antracene

O câncer de mama é a neoplasia maligna mais prevalente e a principal causa de óbito entre mulheres, no mundo. A despeito de avanços substanciais no entendimento da biologia da doença, nos métodos de detecção precoce, e em sua farmacoterapia, a sobrevida geral não se modificou significantemente nas últimas décadas. Portanto, pode se dizer que um dos deveres primordiais das Universidades Públicas engajadas com pesquisa básica e aplicadas consiste em contribuir para o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias de tratamento sistêmico desta neoplasia. Nesse contexto, um dos alvos estratégicos mais promissores no desenvolvimento de novos fármacos antineoplásicos é representado pela célula-tronco neoplásica (CTN). As CTNs têm sido associadas em inúmeros estudos à capacidade de algumas neoplasias malignas de resistir às principais modalidades terapêuticas antineoplásicas, especialmente à: radio-, quimio-, hormônio- e imunoterapias. Em resumo, na atualidade, a detecção de CTNs constitui uma ferramenta clínica bastante promissora enquanto alvo terapêutico, fator prognóstico e preditivo de resposta terapêutica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever e discutir as potencialidades e limitações do modelo de carcinogênese mamária pelo DMBA, após reclassificação das neoplasias mamárias segundo os critérios diagnósticos da OMS (2003, 2012), subtipagem molecular e quantificação de imunomarcadores prognósticos, preditivos e de CTN. Após a aplicação do protocolo experimental de indução química pelo DMBA e a eutanásia dos animais controle e experimental, suas linhas mamárias (contendo ou não tumores) foram ressecadas e avaliadas quanto à morfologia e a imunoexpressão para marcadores de CTNs. Após 13 semanas, 100% dos animais desenvolveram neoplasias macroscópicas e histologicamente compatíveis com os critérios de avaliação indicados pela OMS.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of death from cancer among females worldwide. Despite all the research and all the progress, methods of early detection, and its pharmacotherapy, overall survival has not changed significantly in recent decades. Therefore, the Public University has been engaged in basic and applied research is too contributed to the development of new strategies for systemic treatment of this malignancy. In this context, one of the most promising strategic targets in the development of the anticancer drugs is represented by neoplastic stem cell (NSC). Neoplastic stem cell has been linked in various studies to the capacity of some malignancies to resist major antineoplastic therapeutic modalities, especially: radio-, chemo-, hormone- and immunotherapies. In summary, the detection of NSCs is a clinical tool very promising while therapeutic target and prognostic factor predictive of therapeutic response. The aim of this study was to describe and discuss the strengths and limitations of the model of mammary carcinogenesis by DMBA, after reclassification of breast cancer according to the diagnostic criteria of the WHO (2003, 2012), and quantification of molecular subtyping prognostic immunomarkers, predictive and NSC. After application of the experimental protocol of chemical induction by DMBA and euthanasia of experimental and control animals, the mammary lines (with or without tumors) were resected and evaluated the morphology and immunostaining for markers of NSCs. After 13 weeks, 100% of the animals developed macroscopic neoplasms and histologically consistent with the evaluation criteria of evaluation indicated by WHO. Tumors were classified as ductal carcinoma, papillary carcinoma, lobular carcinoma, myoepithelial carcinoma and phyllodes tumor, being the most common type, the ductal. Few immunohistochemical markers correlated with variable behavior biological.

Experimental comparison study of the tissue characteristics in transjugular intrahepalic portosystemic shunt and vascular stent / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the tissue characteristics within vascular stent and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)on swine and to provide more information for the understanding and prevention of vascular stent and TIPS restenosis.Methods Animal models for TIPS were built in 6 swine and vascular stents were implanted in iliac veins simultaneouly.14-28 days after the operation.the 6 swine were killed to remove the TIPS and vascular stent and the pathological examinations were performed on the tissues within the shunt and stent.The similarities and difierences of the tissues within the shunt and stent were analvzed with Kruskal Wallis test. Results Restenosis of TIPS occurred in 4 models and complete occlusion were seen in 2,while all vascular stents were patent and coated with a thin layer of intimal tissueElectron micmscopic results showed that the tissues in restenotic TIPS were loose and with more extra matrix and fibers.and less smooth muscle,fibroblastic and myofibroblastic cells with different and irregular shape and rich secretory granules.The tissues in patent,TIPS contained more extra fibers,smooth muscle and fibmblastic cells with normal organdie.The intimal tissues in vascular stent contained more fibers and fibroblasts cells.less smooth muscle cells.On immunohistoehemical staining,the tissues in restenotlc and Datent TIPS as well as the intimal tissues in vascular stent had strong positive expression for anti-SMCactin-α.the expression were gradually weakened for PCNA,the intimal tissues in vascular stent had a strong positive expression for vimentin,while the expression of the tissues in restenotic and patent TIPS were weakened gradually.For myoglobulin,the tissues in restenotic TIPS had weakly positive expression,the expression in patent TIPS and vascular stent were almost negative. Western blot results for TGF-β showed that the absorbance ratios of the intima tissues in vascular stent,normal vascular tissues,normal liver tissues.the tissues in restenotic and patent TIPS were 0.23,0,0,0.57 and 0.30 respectively,and they were significantiy different (H=27.8,P＜0.01).Conclusions The tissues in restenotic TIPS mainly contain proliferated SMCs which have positive expression for anti-SMC-actin-α,strong proliferation and movement but unstability.The tissues in patent TIPS and intimal tissues in Vascular stent mainly contain fibroblastie cells which have positive expression for vimentin and stability.

Diferenças histomorfométricas entre as artérias torácicas internas esquerda e direita em humanos / Histomorphometric differences between the left and right internal thoracic arteries in humans

OBJETIVO: O uso do enxerto de artéria torácica interna esquerda (ATIE) é atualmente reconhecido como a melhor opção na cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica, proporcionando menor incidência tardia de eventos cardiovasculares e maior sobrevida. Conseqüentemente, houve grande incremento nas últimas décadas do uso bilateral das artérias torácicas internas (ATIs), com demonstração de melhora adicional de sobrevida em longo-termo. O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar a estrutura histológica das ATIs esquerda e direita (ATID), com a análise histomorfométrica seqüencial e comparativa entre os segmentos das duas artérias. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados espécimes de ATIs retirados de 18 cadáveres, divididos em nove segmentos proporcionais. Cortes de cada segmento foram corados com técnica de hematoxilina-eosina e Verhoeff-Van Gieson. Foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: perímetro da luz arterial, espessura da íntima, espessura da camada média e quantidade de fibras elásticas da camada média. RESULTADOS: O perímetro interno de ambas as ATIs diminuiu ao longo do percurso, dos segmentos mais proximais para os mais distais. Os segmentos proximais da ATID apresentaram perímetro significativamente maiores do que os da ATIE. A análise da espessura da íntima revelou não existir diferença significativa entre ATIE e ATID, exceto no segmento 1. A espessura da camada média diminuiu ao longo da extensão das ATIs, não havendo diferença estatística entre elas, exceto no segmento 9. O número de lâminas elásticas nos segmentos distais da ATIE foi estatisticamente superior ao da ATID. CONCLUSÃO: Portanto, os dados do presente estudo sugerem haver diferenças estruturais entre as ATIs direita e esquerda.

OBJECTIVE: The use of the left internal thoracic artery in coronary artery bypass surgery is currently recognized as the best option, providing lesser incidence of cardiovascular events and superior long-term survival. As a result, great expansion of bilateral internal thoracic artery (ITAs) grafts has been observed, with additional demonstration of improved long-term survival. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine and compare the histomorphometric structure among different segments of the left and right ITA. METHOD: Specimens of ITAs harvested from 18 cadavers were divided in nine proportional segments. Cuts of each segment had been stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Verhoeff-Van Gieson technique. The following parameters had been analyzed: perimeter of the arterial lumen, thickness of the intima, thickness of the media layer and amount of elastic fiber in the media layer. RESULTS: The perimeter of both ATIs decreases downstream its course, the proximal segments of the right ITA exhibit perimeter significantly greater than left ITA The analysis of the intima thickness revealed no significant difference between left and right ITA, except in the segment 9. The thickness of media layer showed no statistical difference between them, except in the segment 1. The number of elastic layers in the distal left ITA segments is significantly higher than right ITA. CONCLUSION: Data analyses from this study suggest structural differences between the left and right internal thoracic arteries.

Effects of excessive iodine and casein on histomorphalogy and ultrastructure of mouse thyroid / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To observe the effects of casein and excessive iodine on histomorphalogY and ultrastructure of mouse thymicL Methods Based on 2 × 3 factorial design,the experimental mice were divided into 6 groupg Animal models were estabhshed by feeding the mice with different levels of iodine water and casein food.The levels of iodine were 50,600 μg/L in drinking water and 0(Ⅰ),10%(Ⅱ),20%(Ⅲ)of casein in food respectively.After 12 months,the thyroid weight was measured and the morphology of thyroid was observed under optical and electron microscope.Results Factorial analysis showed that iodine factors obviously affected the thyroid absolute and relative weiights of mice(F=16.23,9.47,P＜0.01),and there was interaction between casein and iodine(F=5.29,4.68,P＜0.01 or＜0.05).Compared wiht 150Ⅰ[(5.91±0.82)rag,(117.0±22.2)mg/kg]and 50Ⅲ[(4.90±0.63)rag,(106.1±13.3)mg/kg]groups.thyroid absolute and relative weights of the mice increased in 600 Ⅰ[(7.60±2.40)mg,(143.3±43.2)mg/kg]and 600Ⅲ[(8.63±1.88)mg,(166.2±39.4)mg/kg]groups(P＜0.05 or＜0.01),respectively.But compared with 600 Ⅰ and 600Ⅲ groups.they were reduced obviously in 600Ⅱ[(5.76±1.13)mg,(109.8±16.5)mg/kg]group(P＜0.05 or＜O.01).Colloid goiter,lymphocyte infiltration were found,some of the follicles epithelial cells appeared active under light and electron microscope in iodine excels group,which,however,decreased obviously along with the increase of casein dose.Conclusions Long-term excessive iodine may cause colloid goiter and inflammation injury of mice,possibly leading the development of thyroiditis in mice,which may be partly reduced by casein.

In vivo experimental study of cervical intervertebral fusion cage / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To evaluate the characteristics of intervertebral fusion using autologous tricortical iliac crest graft, Harms cage and Carbon cage in the goat cervical spine models. Methods Twenty-four goats underwent C3-4 discectomy and intervertebral fusion, the later was achieved each with 8 goats by the following methods: Group 1, autologous tricortical iliac crest bone graft; Group 2, Harms cage filled with autologous iliac crest graft; Group 3, Carbon cage filled with autologous iliac bone graft. Radiography was performed pre- and post- operatively and after 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. At the same time points, disc space height (DSH), intervertebral angle (IVA), and lordosis angle (LA) were measured. After 12 weeks, the goats were killed and fused segments were harvested. All cervical fusion specimens underwent histomorphological studies. Results One week after operation, the DSH, IVA and LA of Carbon cage fused group were statistically greater than those of autologous iliac bone graft and Harms cage fused group (P

An in vivo experimental implantation of four kinds of treated prosthetic surface / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To promote the clinical practice of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) coated prosthesis in order to improve its biological fixation. Methods There were 12 healthy mongrels, weighted from 20 to 25 kg. They were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the scarified time. The bilateral femurs were adopted as the graft areas, and 4 kinds of implant were transplanted into each femur randomly. The transplant consisted of porous-coated anatomic(PCA group), PCA combined with BMP (BMP group), PCA combined with hydroxyapatite(Composite group), and polish PCA combined with HA (HA group). The femurs of the mongrels were retrieved at the 4th, 8th and 12th week respectively. Bone ingrowth and shear strength between the interfaces of the bone-implant were studied, using X-ray, soft X-ray, fluorescence tag, non-decalcification ground section, computer-aided image analysis, and histological examinations. Results By gross observation, the composite for the group of PCA with BMP was the most stable in all the experimental groups. All implants showed good histocompatibility, the bone ingrowth on the implant surface appeared earlier in the BMP group than any others, and so did the maturation of new bone. At 4th week, the percent of new bone formation in the BMP group was 26.58%?4.56%, which was also much higher than PCA group (18.28%?2.46%), Composite group (17.23%?2.11%), and HA group(16.89%?3.13%) through the means of non-decalcified ground section and computer aided image analysis, and the difference was of statistical significance(P0.05). Conclusion The composite of BMP to the PCA is effective and feasible procedure, which could increase biological fixation of the interfaces between the bone and implant. Furthermore, HA coating is also an effective method of prosthesis surface treatment in order to improve bone ingrowth and enhance the interface shear strength, and the technique of HA coating is an essential factor in processing the prosthesis.

Electrovaporization of human prostatic tissue in vivo / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of electrovaporization on prostatic tissue structure in vivo. Methods 26 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia underwent electrovaporization of prostatic tissue,the surface area of the vaporized prostatic tissue and the depth at the central area being observed with light microscope and electron microscope. Results The vaporizing effect on tissue with pure cut current were stronger than that with pure coagulative current, the greater the output power the stronger the vaporizing effect.6 millimeter under the vaporized surface caused by pure coagulative current still revealed some histological alterations of injury,while these histological alterations in pure cut current electrovaporization was less. Conclusions These findings may have implications that in transurethral electrovaporization of prostate,injury to the adjacent or deep tissues should be avoided as much as possible.